How to choose Potty Training for your baby

Potty training can be a challenging time, but it also signals the end of diaper duty, so there is plenty to celebrate. If you select the best potty training underwear, you can help your child make the transition from dependence to self-sufficiency.

1.
Step 1

Opt for potty training insert pads instead of separate underwear. Potty training pads, also known as underwear inserts, can be placed inside your child's underwear. Inserts allow your child to feel any accidents, and they help absorb the mess. Potty training inserts also produce less waste than pull-up training pants.
2.
Step 2

Choose potty training underwear with multiple layers for protection and comfort. Buy training pants that feature three layers. The first and third layers are made of either cotton or velour, which is soft against the skin. The middle layer is made of a plastic, which prevents accidents from soiling your child's clothing.
3.
Step 3

Select training pants made from organic cotton to help protect the environment from the harmful chemicals used to bleach and process cotton.
4.
Step 4

Pick training pants that fit your child snugly but comfortably. Oversized training pants may not allow your child to feel wetness when an accident occurs.
5.
Step 5

Select potty training underwear that features images of your child's favorite cartoon character or animal. Picking underwear that your child likes may help him use the toilet more often to avoid soiling his fun training pants.
6.
Step 6

Switch to more heavy duty, waterproof training pants for naps and nighttime, since kids are more likely to have accidents when they are asleep.
7.
Step 7

Use plastic underwear covers to prevent messes while your child is first getting used to potty training.
8.
Step 8

Pick potty training pants with a wide, elastic band at the waist. Kids tend to have an easier time pulling the training pants up and down when they have larger waistbands to grip.

Prevenar Vaccine - vaccine that will protect your Baby from pneumonia, blood poisoning and meningitis

Prevenar Vaccine - vaccine that will protect your Baby from pneumonia, blood poisoning and meningitis
have scheduled Prevenar Vaccine. So what is Prevenar Vaccine? I admit that I don’t know this kind of vaccine, so I decided to search Google and look for the meaning of this shot.

Here is the meaning of this serum that was given to my baby.

*Prevenar is a pneumococcal vaccine that contains extracts from seven of the most common types of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. These bacteria are responsible for causing invasive diseases such as pneumonia, blood poisoning and meningitis. The vaccine works by provoking the body's immune response to the bacteria, without causing the diseases.



When the body is exposed to foreign organisms, such as bacteria and viruses, the immune system produces antibodies against them. Antibodies help the body recognizes and kill the foreign organisms. They then remain in the body to help protect the body against future infections with the same organism. This is known as active immunity.

The immune system produces different antibodies for each foreign organism it encounters. This establishes a pool of antibodies that helps protect the body from various different diseases.
Vaccines contain extracts or inactivated forms of bacteria or viruses that cause disease. These altered forms of the organisms stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against them, but don't actually cause disease themselves. The antibodies produced remain in the body so that if the organism is encountered naturally, the immune system can recognize it and attack it, thus preventing it from causing disease.

Each bacteria or virus stimulates the immune system to produce a specific type of antibody. This means that different vaccines are needed to prevent different diseases.

Prevenar contains inactivated extracts from seven of the most common types of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. It stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against these bacteria and thus is given to prevent the diseases that they can cause.

This pneumococcal vaccine is now part of the childhood immunization schedule. This vaccine will usually be given as three doses, at two, four and thirteen months of age.

Hopefully my new born infant will be safe from all these foreign elements that might attack his immune system and that this pricey injection will work and be able to help my baby grow as a healthy toddler.

For first time parents like Katrine and I, we are very cautious about our son’s health so we make sure that everything is doing good, fortunately we are very pleased that our tot is growing fast and in good physical shape, he’s actually overweight for his age at 3 months but the doctor said its fine and we have nothing to worry about.

Eggs are rich in protein, but be careful for the baby.

Eggs are rich in protein, but be careful for the baby.
While the small get food that is compact, there are many mothers who want to direct because it seems to give the eggs the eggs are a good source of protein for the body.

Giving to the egg until the baby is currently still done by many mothers. But lately the popularity dikAbarkan that eggs are one food allergy, so spark pemberiannya to the small channel should be delayed until dissolved and the body's immune system ready to receive them.
Eggs Rich Protein

It is a good source of protein. Egg protein has a high value bioavaibilitas that is 100%, which means that the whole egg protein can be used by the body. In addition to containing vitamin B2, vitamin A and iron contents and other nutrient substances. Yolk contains cholesterol which are required to assist the development of otaknya. While the egg white contains proteins that are difficult digested.


WHAT IS Eggs Allergies?

Allergic reaction to food is the body does not properly respond to the food eaten by the small. At the time of business to protect the body's immune system produces antibody against the food (because food is considered a foreign object by the body). Antibody is then seo cause allergy in the body (mast cell) remove chemicals, such as the histamin into the blood. Histamin then act on the body organs such as eyes, nose, throat, tuberculosis, skin, perncernaan channel so menimbuokan allergy symptoms.

Egg allergy usually begins sejaj baby is still young. Digestive system of young babies have not been perfect. But in some children, allergic children can grow up to age 5 years. Most children who are allergic to eggs, allergic to the white eggs, but some children also tdak can mentolernsi yellow.


When SI KECIL "Allow" to eat eggs?

When you have a small allergy history on the family, then the eggs should be delayed until the child was 2 years old. Allergy history on the family may come from a family of mother and father of the family small. But if the family does not have believed the history of egg allergy can begin at the time allowed to get a little food that is facing at the time he was 6 months.

However introduction of solid food should be first on the baby cereals that are derived from the basic rice. Provision of eggs can be started from the first yellow telurnnya because yolk easily digested. Contain egg white protein digested difficult, so pemberiannya should be delayed until the baby was 1 year.


Refensi:

1. National Health and Medical Research Council. Food for Health - Dietary Guidelines for Children and Adolescents in Australia.
2. Canberra: Commomwealth Department of Health and Ageing, 2003

How to Prevent eczema nappy sharpshooter

If a little fussy when the waste water, perhaps he has eczema diaper.
Dermatitis diaper or more often called eczema nappy rash is a skin which arise due to inflammation in the diaper area that is closed, in the genitals,

around the anus, buttocks, thigh-fold, and the bottom of the stomach. Usually occurs in infants and children under five who use nappy-most experienced of children 9-12 months old.

Symptoms of mild to heavy

Eczema diaper only marked with a mild redness on the skin of the diaper. When severe will break out in pimples red, abrasions or wounds, scaly, sometimes moist, accompanied by swelling.

If not tertangani well, eczema nappy that has been more than 3 days are susceptible to fungi, particularly Candida albicans species, so that the deviation increases the skin red and wet. This condition may facilitate the occurrence of infection of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus beta hemolyticus), in which the skin becomes more red, more swollen, with pus and scab.
What is it?

Is a major cause of irritation to the skin is closed by a diaper, because that is not correct usage.

* Do not change the diaper immediately after the small defecate. Feses the mix will cause urin formation of ammonia, increasing the pH in the skin so that the enzyme increased feses and cause irritation.
* Use of nappies (disposable diaper) exceeds the capacity so that the skin becomes soggy. Vulnerable to damp skin friction, easier teriritassi, and invite bacteria and fungi.

Step right diaper prevent eczema

Reduce moisture and friction on the skin, with:

* Immediately change the diaper when the small defecate.
* Use appropriate resources tampungnya nappies, when full soon change.
* When you change the diaper, clean the skin with warm water. When you defecate use soft soap, dried Rinse ago.
* Bubuhi powder, cream or salep to protect against skin contact with the urin, feses or other material iritan (detergent) and to reduce friction. Make sure skin is completely dry when put powder.
* Let your baby diaper-free in 2-3 hours a day so that the skin is not hot and humid.
* Avoid diaper is too tight, rough, or too close.
* Select a nappy with a soft material. For example, one-use diaper containing absorbent gelling material (AGM) that can absorb more liquid so that the skin is dry. Research shows that babies who use a one-time lebh rarely experienced eczema nappies, especially when washed with detergent and bleach that are not rinsed properly.


The diaper eczema

In general, maintaining the cleanliness of the area around the nappy will be able to overcome eczema diaper. However, if you have eczema, along with wet and sore, consult with your doctor. Usually the doctor will give you a cream or salep containing kortikosteroid. Use appropriate medical guidance.

Reference
Vischer MO, Chatterjee R, Munson KA, Pickers WL, Hoath SB. Changes in diapered and non-diapered infant skin over the first few months of life. PED. Dermatol. 2000; 17:45-51
Hansen RC, Krafchik BR, Lane AT, MR odio, Schachner LA. Dealing with diaper dermatitis. Contemporary Pediatrics (Spul.). 1998; 5-10

Baby Tips to Smashies - Organic Squeezy Apple Sauces - Giveaway

This is Frugal Freebies 2nd weekly giveaway and Smashies is our sponsor today. Other companies are welcome to offer giveaways, just let me know!

Today's Giveaway is three prizes of 3.2 fl. oz (90g) fruit filled pouches of Smashies: Organic Squeezy Apple Sauces for kids! Smashies are the first Organic, no added sugar or HFCS (High Fructose Corn Syrup) squeezy apple sauce pouches for kids. Perfect for lunch boxes, sports practices, and little hands, Smashies fit right into an active family life.

When my grandson saw them sitting on my office desk, he tried to wheedle them out of me, telling me how much he loved applesauce and that he wanted to try them. The snack pouches remind me of astronaut food, making eating good food - fun!

Tips to reduce the allergic babies

new mother have a problem with the seat with a high talent allergy. I hope to write my experience can help a little, or can exchange experiences to reduce / increase the resistance so that the body's immune power can have a better against alergen.

I am a mother with one son who is blind to the problems faced by allergic children, after I read the book and find out from various sources, both the books, print media and internet why it can override my child, I realize that the nature of the decline of my allergy to dust, shrimp and crabs. I realize the dangers allergic extremely late because dont know me and I hope it does not happen mother on the other. I also do not know if the allergy have a relationship with pneumonia, five years until I have to stay at home sick for 2 sunday affected pneumonia (inflammation tuberculosis). After I browse for what I was allergic to five years even though our subscription DSA since our son was born not specifically told us that our children, but he's often cough, cold and hot, and sometimes diarrhea is considered only a seasonal disease. I just wonder why my child until the age of 1.5 years still to docter to 2 sunday once while I only want to eat pap SGM rice and green beans and drink milk Emfapro. While immunization, and I think even if I work five safe at home because I kept by my mother's maid and, because of my children and grandchildren are so petama grandmother protek over to all their needs.

Here I will tell my child before chronological opname must, after the last incident my child a fever and trouble breath and drinking milk straight out again accidental spill DSA subscribed we are not practical. Information from the neighbors I have a normal DSA Prof. grandchildren may be able to handle for the second opinion. We was there and there until we dikejutkan by Prof. DSA demand that our children must be checked full of blood, allergy tests, tests and photos mantox tuberculosis to analyze further and to help him be the first medication and a referral to evaporation in the hospital to remove the mucus clog napasnya and suggested to replace the soya milk in the accident and DSA are ISOMIL tester. After trying to use soya milk is my child can receive and batuknya slightly reduced and not overflow again. After the lab results come out DSA Direct opname ask my child's image because he parunya be pneumonia. We are very grateful DSA we understand our fears, he explained that the disease is caused by the virus and because the level of my child is allergic to IGE 185.1 mm for the aya-age children is high and to mantox is negativ does not mean my child is exposed to TB so that necessary pneumonianya is a priority and must be treated at home sick. With the comprehensive care so that all can be removed with virusnya thoroughly so that the expected does not relapse again. We have a friend that the story of the room to increase the resistance to give him his son's body supplements. We also try it after all the drugs out of the docter Vege supplement is Vege Fruit and Vegetable JR JR. After I try to give JR Vegetable night does not seem suitable for diarrhea in the morning and Fruit Vege JR morning for 30 days, we are thankful endurance and improved body control of the new docter last 3 months and then to us because he is docter diarrhea mixed with blood. Up to now I still have to give fruit, but fewer aya only 3 times a week.

its Reasons for delaying solids to your baby

Although some of the reasons listed here assume that your baby is breastfed or fed breastmilk only, experts recommend that solids be delayed for formula fed babies also.

* Delaying solids gives baby greater protection from illness.
Although babies continue to receive many immunities from breastmilk for as long as they nurse, the greatest immunity occurs while a baby is exclusively breastfed. Breastmilk contains 50+ known immune factors, and probably many more that are still unknown. One study has shown that babies who were exclusively breastfed for 4+ months had 40% fewer ear infections than breastfed babies whose diets were supplemented with other foods. The probability of respiratory illness occurring at any time during childhood is significantly reduced if the child is fed exclusively breast milk for at least 15 weeks and no solid foods are introduced during this time. (Wilson, 1998) Many other studies have also linked the degree of exclusivity of breastfeeding to enhanced health benefits (see Immune factors in human milk and Risks of Artificial Feeding).

* Delaying solids gives baby's digestive system time to mature.
If solids are started before a baby's system is ready to handle them, they are poorly digested and may cause unpleasant reactions (digestive upset, gas, constipation, etc.). Protein digestion is incomplete in infancy. Gastric acid and pepsin are secreted at birth and increase toward adult values over the following 3 to 4 months. The pancreatic enzyme amylase does not reach adequate levels for digestion of starches until around 6 months, and carbohydrate enzymes such as maltase, isomaltase, and sucrase do not reach adult levels until around 7 months. Young infants also have low levels of lipase and bile salts, so fat digestion does not reach adult levels until 6-9 months.

* Delaying solids decreases the risk of food allergies.
It is well documented that prolonged exclusive breastfeeding results in a lower incidence of food allergies (see Allergy References and Risks of Artificial Feeding). From birth until somewhere between four and six months of age, babies possess what is often referred to as an "open gut." This means that the spaces between the cells of the small intestines will readily allow intact macromolecules, including whole proteins and pathogens, to pass directly into the bloodstream.This is great for your breastfed baby as it allows beneficial antibodies in breastmilk to pass more directly into baby's bloodstream, but it also means that large proteins from other foods (which may predispose baby to allergies) and disease-causing pathogens can pass right through, too. During baby's first 4-6 months, while the gut is still "open," antibodies (sIgA) from breastmilk coat baby's digestive tract and provide passive immunity, reducing the likelihood of illness and allergic reactions before gut closure occurs. Baby starts producing these antibodies on his own at around 6 months, and gut closure should have occurred by this time also. See How Breast Milk Protects Newborns and The Case for the Virgin Gut for more on this subject.

* Delaying solids helps to protect baby from iron-deficiency anemia.
The introduction of iron supplements and iron-fortified foods, particularly during the first six months, reduces the efficiency of baby's iron absorption. Healthy, full-term infants who are breastfed exclusively for periods of 6-9 months have been shown to maintain normal hemoglobin values and normal iron stores. In one study (Pisacane, 1995), the researchers concluded that babies who were exclusively breastfed for 7 months (and were not give iron supplements or iron-fortified cereals) had significantly higher hemoglobin levels at one year than breastfed babies who received solid foods earlier than seven months. The researchers found no cases of anemia within the first year in babies breastfed exclusively for seven months and concluded that breastfeeding exclusively for seven months reduces the risk of anemia. See Is Iron-Supplementation Necessary? for more information.

* Delaying solids helps to protect baby from future obesity.
The early introduction of solids is associated with increased body fat and weight in childhood. (for example, see Wilson 1998, von Kries 1999, Kalies 2005)

* Delaying solids helps mom to maintain her milk supply.
Studies have shown that for a young baby solids replace milk in a baby's diet - they do not add to baby's total intake. The more solids that baby eats, the less milk he takes from mom, and less milk taken from mom means less milk production. Babies who eat lots of solids or who start solids early tend to wean prematurely.

* Delaying solids helps to space babies.
Breastfeeding is most effective in preventing pregnancy when your baby is exclusively breastfed and all of his nutritional and sucking needs are satisfied at the breast.

* Delaying solids makes starting solids easier.
Babies who start solids later can feed themselves and are not as likely to have allergic reactions to foods.

FOOD FOR CHILDREN development AGE 12-18 MONTHS

Feed substance-vitamin that still needed more children to grow flowers for the process still continues. Vitamine that children aged 12-18 are required this week the portion of the food consumed by the current increase,

in accordance with the growing weight of the body and the process peniningkatan going to grow flowers.
Child's body still need all the vitamin main carbohydrate, fat, protein, fiber, vitamins and minerals. Feed meals a day for children should contain 10-15% calories, 20-35% of fat, carbohydrate and the rest. Each kg of body weight children require as many as 100 energy Feed kkal.Asupan fat also needs to be improved because the structure of the brain is a major maker of fat. Fat can be obtained from, among others, oil and Margarine.


• Food play an important role in physical growth and the ingenuity of children. Thus, the pattern of eating well and regularly need to be introduced since early, among others, with the introduction of hours eating and variety of food.
• Nutrition can be balanced with the provision of food as follows:

• To be well-balanced child nutrition needs met, food every day should consist of three groups of food are.
• The need of food that needs to be regulated, so that children get the nutrition Feed requesting in full in one day. Times the recommended are:
• Morning breakfast time.
• At 10:00 as a distraction. Add milk.
• At 12:00 at lunch time.
• At 16:00 as a distraction
• At 18:00 in the evening meal.
• Before the night sleep, add milk.
• Do not forget kumur-kumur with water or white toothbrush.

At age five, children start to have a strong mind power and sharp, so that acceptance will continue to adhere closely to the next age. By introducing children to the hours of eating and regular variations in the type of food, children will be expected to have the discipline to eat well. The pattern of good food should also follow the pattern of balanced nutrition, namely the oxygen-nutrient substances that are tailored to the needs of the body and obtained through the food daily. With well-balanced nutritious food to eat on a regular basis, the growth of children will be expected to run optimally. We realize or not, you're teaching regular pattern of life and healthy children since the early

Baby food AGE 6 - 12 MONTHS

In this age even though the baby is able to communicate in the form of very simple. Thanks to the fulfillment of obtaining the vitamin from breastfeeding in line with the increase of the flowers that are grown traveled,

now breastfeeding is not enough to meet the vitamin needed by the body, then start this age need to be introduced several types of solid food called Food of ASI (MP - ASI).

EXEMPLARY PATTERN SCHEDULE feeding
until AGE CHILDREN 1 YEAR

Please note, the schedule is flexible delivery of food (can be shifted, but not too far)

 Pukul 06.00: Milk
 Pukul 08.00: pulp saring / Rice team
 At 10:00: Milk / Food distraction
 At 12:00: pulp saring / Rice team
 At 14:00: Milk
 At 16:00: Food distraction
 At 18:00: pulp saring / rice team
 At 20:00: Milk.

BEST NUTRITION for babies 0 - 6 MONTHS

BREAST MILK EXCLUSIVE EKSLUSIF
a form of excitatory to optimize growth and development of the baby's brain is to apply the pattern teaser, Asih in foster care and day-to-day,

in the provision of breastfeeding also need to be supported with the oxygen-vitamine appropriate.
ASI is the main source of food and the perfect age for babies 0-6 months. To that must be applied a healthy eating pattern that vitamin needed can be met through breastfeeding.
ASI eklusif according to WHO (World Health Organization) is the only ASI without additional liquids other good formula milk, water, white, orange juice, or other extra food. Before reaching the age of 6 months babies digestive system has not been able to function perfectly, so he has not been able to mencerna food for ASI. recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding 6 also issued this month by The American Dietetic Assosiation in October 2001 together with the published guidelines titled "Exclusive Breastfeeding for 6 month with Breastfeeding and Complementary Foods for at Least 12 months is the ideal feeding pattern for infants"

Stimulation and Nutrition Important for Babies

NEEDS stimulation or stimulate children's efforts to introduce a new knowledge or skills that are very important in improving children's intellect.

Stimulation in children can be started in the shape of prospective baby fetus, because fetus is not a passive creature. In the womb, fetus can breathe, kick, twist, move, swallow, suck thumb, and others. While the main stimulation provided specifically for children aged 0 - 7 years.

In the development of a child, stimulation is a basic necessity. Stimulation can berpe-ran to the function sensorik (heard, grapple, see taste, smell), motor (movement rough, smooth), social-emotional, speech, cognitive, self, and creativity (morale, leadership). In addition, the stimulation can also stimulate the brain cells (sinaps). Revealed in such a discussion and workshop themed "A + Enfa Smart System: Stimulasi mix and Optimal Nutrition Go Intelligence", in Jakarta, last week. This discussion presents some of the speakers, Mayke S. Tedjasaputra (psychologist and Play Therapist), Hartono Gunardi (Consultant Kembang Children grow RSCM), and Soepardi Soedibyo (Child Nutrition Consultant RSCM).

One speaker, Hartono Gunardi, say, brain cells in the baby was 6 months since the period of pregnancy. Therefore, the process of stimulation and can be done since the age of 23 janin sunday. During pregnancy, the stimulation can be done in various ways, such as voice excitative (the Mozart effect), palpability of movement, speech, singing and story telling.

According to Hartono, the early and the la-ma stimulation was performed, the more beneficial. He said, there are several stages of the process uses stimulation on the baby when first born. At the age of infants 0 - 6 months, the mother and perceptions can through the process of stimulation. Meanwhile, at the age of 0 - 36 months and intellectual behavior start form. Meanwhile, at the age of 0 - 48 months, cognitive, and 0 -96 hours reading and writing skills necessary dirangsang. "Since the early Stimulasi also is needed to stimulate growth in the brain, the brain is right and the left brain," he added.

Meanwhile, the psychologist and Play Therapist, Mayke S Tedjasaputra, said, respond to voice and vibrasi seem to start at the age of 26 and sunday during pregnancy increases until finally settling at the age of 32 sunday. He was told, have a study that examines the response of the fetus aged 26 sunday a story that diperdengarkan continuously by his mother.

The result, said Mayke, at the age of 3 days after birth, the baby was putting his mother, suck in more active than when the two heard the story that is rarely told by his mother. "The response to the mother's voice was more active than a response to the voices of others," he said to continue the story.

According Mayke, smooth stroke in the belly of the expectant mother is also required to make a fetus feel calm. He said, if the fetus move much, a mother can do soft caress on the stomach. However, stimulation for the fetus even necessary, in its implementation must be done in a wise. "Do not be up to parents to stimulate vibrant janinnya so forget fetus needs to rest," he added

In explanation, Mayke emphasize the importance of play in the process of stimulation that is done on children. Because, according to Mayke play is the world of work of children. "I play in the process of providing this is the time for parents to make playing as a means of effective media increased children's intellect is necessary," he added.

DHA-Ara

In the other case, Soepardi Soedibyo in explanation, said the importance of oxygen dokosaheksaenoat (DHA) and acid arakhidonat (fig) in infants. According to him, the substance DHA-Ara is necessary in the process of development of the intellect baby, when both are still in the womb and after birth.

Gynecology and DHA have been fig teruji the clinical development of the brain and help improve the acuity of vision. "When before birth, oxygen supply is provided by the mother through plasenta, while after birth is given through the Air milk or breastfeeding mother," he said. Therefore, he added, ASI is the one thing that's important for a mother to be given to babies. According to him, get a baby breastfeeding, or IQ level kecerdasannya better.

Maturity in the baby's immune system is also given breastmilk is better than regular formula. "The womb-Ara DHA is located on the ASI, not the milk cow," explained.

Soepardi add, in the process of breastfeeding a baby is the most good in the first six months after birth. At that time, the actual LC-PUFA (fatty acid that is required at the time of the establishment of the cell membrane, brain and vision) needs to be enough for the baby. New born babies can not afford to mensintesiskan overall needs, so the need to get the AA and DHA is derived from the LC-PUFA from the mother during pregnancy.

Besides useful for the baby, the baby is breastfed on Soperdi is said to provide benefits on a mother. The risk of violence in the breast, ovarium and uterus, and osteoporosis can be reduced by giving the breastfeeding baby. "The advantage is that speed healing after childbirth and a weight," he added

the baby must immediately taken to the Hospital

there are some signs that the baby must immediately taken to the Hospital

1. Convulsions
If the baby is a strain with or without the hot summer, should be immediately brought to the hospital to find out the causes kejangnya. Each strain, will result in the occurrence of brain damage, so the baby can not be a strain. So, as soon as possible must be overcome. If the baby fever accompanied by a strain, parents should always take anti-drug and anti-heat cramps. Because the pain is usually a strain like this relapse. Where is the baby go, must always take anti-convulsive medication to prevent convulsions. Do not until the baby is often stark.

This triggered a strain different, because the process can be in the head or brain, or head outside. If in the brain or head, there is the possibility of infection in the brain or the brain tumor, and bleeding in the brain. But going outside the brain, can be because of lack of natrium and sugar or salt, so that the interference occurs, electrolyte disturbance. For example, often because of diarrhea, cramps or because of the electrolyte or salt out of the body.

2. Shortness of breath
Do not leave your baby's breath shortness, let alone to go. That marks the baby is short of oxygen. Oxygen is mainly flowed into the brain and other organs. If your baby's breath shortness, must be fixed as soon as possible, whether it was due to shortness of sumbatan channel breath, or because the infection in the lungs, must be addressed immediately and taken to a doctor.

3. Shock
Signs, pulse teraba not appear cold sweat, decreases awareness, and reduced the amount of body fluids. The cause of shock in a variety of baby as well. Can be lost body fluids, such as dengue fever, which resulted from the fluid in the blood through the blood vessel out to the network. It can also due to diarrhea and lack of fluid, the occurrence of bleeding, heart aberration, or the shock that caused the pain, the doctor called with the usual neorogenik shock. Care, must be immediately diinfus.

4. No self sadarkan
This can occur because of interference awareness. Any interference is awareness on the baby, parents should be careful and should immediately bring them to the doctor. The characteristics of a baby that is not sadarkan themselves, physically as can be seen in the first semi-conscious, harass, high heat, or may not realize langusng. Cubit in the area, will not feel sick and do not know what happened disekelilingnya.

Its the 10 In the First Baby Diseases

Being a parent of a new beatify. However, happiness sometimes turns to panic when the small sudden illness.

Nah, it's good to recognize your baby's first 10 diseases, such as Dr exposed. Kusnandi Rusmil, Sp.A of Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung following.
1. COULD - COUGH
Cough-cold on the baby can be as many factors. "Some of the most viruses, which have hundreds of many types. Usually heal itself, kok. Symptoms, nose, watery, sometimes stopped, then followed by cough and fever. "

In addition to viruses, cough, runny nose can also be due to bacteria. Usually accompanied by fever and symptoms have more weight, that is a red throat. Should be given antibiotics. If continued, could result in complications, middle ear inflammation. "However, ear pain is not always happen on a cold cough."

If a lot of fluid or mucus from the nose out and make babies breath stopped, give medicines or nose drops sedot liquid nose with a special tool. "What is important, it is treated first. Because the virus is not medicine, the defense body of the baby that should be improved. "

Usually, the cough-cold on the baby occurred about five days. If the baby's body heat is not going down-down to 2 - 3 days, immediately take it to the doctor. "Parents need not worry if the baby cough-cold. If accompanied by hot, hot give medicine. Do not forget, let the good nutrition, especially those containing vitamins and minerals, such as fruit or juice, drink a lot, especially breastfeeding. "

2. Ear infections
Ear infections may be caused by cough-cold virus that continues, so that the virus into the ear channel. "It can also accidentally because ear-water containing the bacteria, thus causing middle ear infection channel."

Symptoms, pain in the ear and the heat does not go down-down for 2 - 3 days. "It should be immediately taken to the doctor. If not treated immediately, the ear drum baby can inflame and broken. "

If not treated, long-time sore ear will become increasingly severe and may cause pus. "If the matter broke out, the liquid will be out of the ear with a smell that is not good. The long-term effects, the system of hearing damage. "

3. DIARE
As well as coughing, runny nose, diarrhea in infants can also be due to various factors, from the food tercemar bacteria or virus, food poisoning, allergic to milk. Diarrhea in infants in general can be seen from the amount of fluid that comes through defecate (BAB) is more fluid from the entrance. Frequency CHAPTER its more than three times a day. So, should be given a lot of fluid that does not happen dehydration.

Prevent, give the baby a drink, for example oralit, beverages containing ion, or beverages that contain probiotik, such as yoghurt to help balance the bacteria in the stomach. "Babies are allowed six months, how, given a drink containing ion or probiotik."

Kusnandi also asserted, for diarrhea for the most powerful real breastfed babies, because it contains anti-virus drugs or bacteria that can prevent illness and reduce the length of a nest in the body of the baby.

Diarrhea is accompanied by fever, go Kusnandi, most often caused by a virus. "All the disease because the virus, no medicine. It is important, improving the body's resistance and the loss of body fluids with a much-much to drink, especially breastfeeding. "

While diarrhea accompanied by vomiting, usually caused excitement in the alimentary tract. "Stimulus that can kind of, can by bacteria or toxic chemical substances. Once again, the important thing is to give a lot of drinking. It can also be given anti-vomiting drugs by doctors, "said Kusnandi saying that remind parents not to give the baby medicine compressor feses or feces. "If solid feces, bacteria enggak dead, even gathered in the intestine. Better bacteria issued through the first CHAPTER. After the bacteria out, will automatically stop diarrhea by itself, "said Kusnandi reminded.

4. BATUK PLUS SESAK NAPAS
On the baby has the potential allergy or asthma, cough-cold long time can cause shortness of breath. "Coughing is a cold-caused bacteria that finally spread to the lungs. Can lead to symptoms of pneumonia, including shortness of breath, "said Kusnandi.

If you have the lungs, the entrance to the already serious and must be treated exactly. "The signs crowded the breath can be physical, such babies breathe through the nose, so that the nostril heave, napasnya fast, each breathing as pulling up to the sunken chest."

Handling serious symptoms should be more careful. When you need to be treated in the hospital to be given oxygen. "If you are up to the serious stage, I can not just be given treatment at home. Can be dangerous and must be fed a doctor, "Kusnandi firm.

5. Sore throat
Sore throat because of the baby can be a bacteria or virus attacks the throat. "Signs of physical, a red throat, which can be seen in the neck. Babies can also be seen as pain, tendentious, and is usually difficult to swallow. "

If the virus, doctors will usually give subtrahend pain medication, vitamins, and be encouraged to eat a lot, especially fruit juice, vegetable cornea, and breastfeeding, so her body back strong. However, if the bacteria causes, the doctor will give antibiotics. "Can be syrup or puyer. Puyer more economical and can be more appropriate dose, as calculated per kilogram body weight babies. Effectiveness, is actually the same with the syrup. "

6. Constipation
The cause of constipation can be the lack of fibrous food. Therefore, the baby should be given a lot of fruit, vegetables, and ASI. "Give a pudding or jelly, fruits, and vegetables. For babies who can not eat, give breastfeeding as possible. Typically, babies are still breastfed rarely drink constipation, except baby formula milk that is given. Susunya may be less suitable. "

To overcome the obstruction, select a suitable milk. "Meanwhile, doctors will usually give me something to throw CHAPTER it." However, there is also a new born baby who can not defecate. "Keluhannya, flatulence and vomiting frequently. That's because the intestine is less nervous, so any movement peristaltiknya reduced. This congenital disease, should be operated to remove the bowel does not have sarafnya. Cases such as this often happens in the new born baby, "said Kusnandi.

7. INFEKSI SALURAN urine
Besides difficult CHAPTER, urine infection channel also often occur on the new born baby. "Many occur in babies of women, because women's urine channel shorter channel urine from the baby male, so the bacteria to more easily enter the body. If the baby warm without diserta cough-cold or earache, parents should always be thinking that this could be rankling channel urine. "

Symptoms of infection channel only urine or hot water kencingnya slightly, and the baby feel pain in the abdomen or in pain when a small waste water / urine. "Sometimes, the inflammation or infection of the channel is not chew bergejala also. Discard water is normal. Thus if the symptoms do not appear, it is very dangerous because it can damage the kidneys. "Therefore, if the baby fever more than 38.5 0 Celsius, check to see a doctor immediately.

8. MUNTAH
Gumoh vomiting or stomach caused by a new born baby's size is very small. "Power tampungnya still small. If given too much milk, she will spit susunya again. "

Thus, for infants who are given formula milk, breast fed at the time, the position of milk bottles and bottles must fit with the mouth, so that air does not enter to participate in the baby's mouth. In the incoming air, this can cause the baby vomits. Meanwhile, to be breast-fed infants breastfed, breastfeeding should correct position and fit. After breast fed, the baby pickaback position as standing up to belch. After the baby ditidurkan with sloping position to the left.

9. ALERGI
Many things can cause allergies in the baby. "The most common allergy cow milk or milk formula. If the mother or her family have the allergy, the baby is so easy allergy. Most food allergies occur because the eggs, sea food, milk and formula. "

To avoid this, breastfeeding mothers should avoid the consumption of food alergen such as eggs, nuts, sea food, or food allergy trigger. "The reaction can be brought langusng through breastfeeding. Doctors usually give milk special anti-allergy to the baby who has a talent or allergic reaction to milk formula. Milk antialergi this easily obtained and has been sold, why. "

10. Diaper rash
After the waste water or urinate, baby nappies should be changed in order not to cause irritation or red-red skin on the baby. If skin irritation to the baby, the bacteria will be more easily into the body of a baby. To prevent this, change nappies as often as possible and pakaikan pampers that can absorb more water.

For cloth nappies, should be diligent, industrious wash nappies. "Technology is more advanced, people now create pampers that can absorb more water to be more practical. However, the baby should not mean that the day-use-pampers that it continue. Air must also be out in, dong. However, the excess can reduce the frequency pampers diaper change, compared to cloth nappies. "

Treatment for diaper rash, if the skin is exposed to a baby diaper wet, it can be treated with a powder, talc, or salep. "But the most important must often change nappies or pampers. That is, baby skin conditions should remain dry. "

Attention! Colds cough not Need Antibiotics for your Baby

Colds cough not Need Antibiotics

When an incident like that, the patient does not understand that sometimes even 'forced' to provide medical antibiotics. "Why do not my child be given antibiotics, dock?

Later when I recover, how to recover? "Finally, inasmuch worry 'left' patient-patient, the doctor also meresepkan antibiotics is not necessary.
Fact still occur frequently in our country. Only a handful of doctors who have adopted the concept of partnership or partnerships with patients. There are still many doctors who miserly time, to give pennjelasan to the patient, or even the patient does not need to know anything. Consequently, doctors do not even happy with the patient and critical ceriwis. While consumers have the right to health memeroleh explanation is correct and objective. Moreover in the modern era such as today, has a proactive health care consumers. Information about the true health is very easy to obtain through various media. Patients are critical and erudite, can only come with a take sebundel article from health sites on the Internet such as trusted.

On the other hand, many also found, one kaprah which patients, or patients who only nod-nod, and reluctant to ask pasrah with just what the doctor. Doctors Purnamawati S Pujiarto, SpAK, MMPed, from FKUI, in one of uraiannya entitled 'Commons Problem in Pediatrics', said patients sometimes ignorance even left alone by medical circles. While the task of a doctor indeed not only treat the patient only (healing), but also provide knowledge that is correct, for example through health counseling (promotional), to seek the prevention of disease (preventive) and also prevent disability (rehabilitative).

The conditions that make a rational use of antibiotics in the world health. The success of the rational use of drugs not only depend on the doctors, but also to the patient as a consumer health and industrial medicine. Patients who actively deal with health problems surely will help the performance of doctors to keep holding the principles of rational treatment.

Cases that often occur, for example, is the use of antibiotics for the disease coughs, flu or cold (common cold) in infants and children. This disease is 95% caused by a virus, so that the provision of unnecessary antibiotics. Antibiotics only required for diseases caused by bacteria. The disease is most common in children. Even according to the research, in the year, a child can suffer flu or common colds as much as 8 to 12 times. And that is normal. Of course there are exceptions, namely for babies under the age of 3 months. In the babies, the symptoms of flu or even common cold can quickly develop into a serious disease such as pneumonia or bronchiolitis. Therefore, for infants under the age of 3 months, it remains cold cough should receive special attention.

It will usually take 1 to 2 sunday. Symptoms that accompany the common cold or flu such as fever, sneezing, coughing, runny nose that is not stopping all the fears that sometimes appear. Moreover, when children have cough unrelenting with vomiting. It is not surprising the parents bring their children to the doctor because of fear. Ignorance of parents that the disease cough-cold is caused by the virus, often make parents panic and immediately brought her son to the doctor. Research in the United States even says, each year there are 25 million visits to doctors and to the emergency room because the common cold, which is actually not necessary. Parahnya, these often lead to worries of parents ask doctors to give antibiotics to their children.

The danger of antibiotic irrational

In fact what is the danger of antibiotics is not rational? When antibiotics are used constantly with the rational and not excessive, the resistant bacteria will be even more developed. Consequently, various bacterial infections caused by bacteria-berespons will not have the kind of medicine. Diseases will take longer, the risk of complications and even death will be increased. Parahnya, bermutasi bacteria can very quickly exceed the speed of the researchers trying to find new antibiotics. As a result, likely will be a day later developed a type of bacteria that are resistant death, but there is no single drug that can be off. Surely not horrific?

The impact of other, because it lasts longer, the cost incurred will be increasing. According to the WHO (World Health Organization), the increase is mainly issued to a laboratory test fee, the cost of treatment in the hospital, and the cost of lost income due to skip work. And when the infection appeared to be no longer treated as drug resistance has occurred, then needed another type of antibiotic that more patents. This type of antibiotics usually must be entered via injection. Of course, the price of antibiotics via injection rather than more expensive drugs to drink. Consequently, the cost incurred was more swell.

Peyakit cough associated with cold in children, Prof. Iwan Darmansjah, experts farmakologi from FKUI, in one of the writings, other than redundant, the antibiotics sometimes even cause harmful side effects. If it is said will accelerate the healing is not, because the disease virus will recover in several days, with or without antibiotics. This has been proven with-controlled study to compare with plasebo, alias drug-fabrication repeatedly since antibiotics found in the 1950-1960s. The result is always the same, so no need to doubt the truth. On the other hand, even antibiotics to kill bacteria in the body, which works to maintain balance and avoid the bad bacteria attack the body. It also reduces the immunity of children, so that power tahannya even decline.

Treatment of flu or common cold at home

American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) assert, there is no cure for this case. Antibiotics should not be given it will not be any effect. Attention and affection from parents who are best medicine. So that the AAP recommends that parents simply create the most comfortable conditions for children. Nose mampet that usually affects children will cause the child to breathe through the mouth. As a result, the child's mouth and throat become dry. For that many children need to be given fruit juice and liquids, as long as what is not less often. In illness, most children will lose their appetite. Although only a few of the food in, but make sure that their food needs tercukupi.

Sterile salt water can be given as nose drops, nasal mucus becomes so thin and not clog roads breath. Sterile salt water will not cause side effects. Slurp steaming hot water will also alleviate flu complaint to the child. Alternatively, if the child can not sleep at night because of nasal congestion, parents can give the nose drops (breathy) to eliminate swelling in the nose. AC rooms also need off. If you need to sleep after the children, put a bucket of boiling water to keep the room is not air dry.

Step tertularnya best prevention for this disease is to wash your hands as often as possible, as much as possible and avoid the flu sufferer. But when the fever children never go down after more than 3 days (72 hours), parents need to visit the doctor. Besides, if there are symptoms of shortness of breath, lips and nails appear blue, children to be extraordinary or very choosy nod to be built not, parents also need to immediately bring their children to the doctor.

From the description above, it is clear already that the common cold or flu do not require antibiotic treatment. Excessive use of antibiotics or not in place to become one of the main obstacles in the rational use of drugs in Indonesia. The problem is indeed runyam antibiotics and no utmost. But when consumers become proactive health, tried to find the correct information about the disease and her son began to ask the doctor a lot, that will help doctors in order to retain the principle of rational.

Parents have the right to ask questions to your doctor about the disease that affects children, what the cause, and how governance laksananya. Questions about drug side effects and medication also need to know that children do not become victims of medical errors that are not rational. Doctors who provide informative and real time, in order to provide the right knowledge to the patient is truly needed. Cooperation between the patient and the doctor who is on the informative such that at least this is the success of the treatment will help in the rational Indonesia

Baby and Children Can Also Having Sleep Disorders?

Yes, babies and children can also experience sleep disturbances. Problems and sleep in children to more easily prevented than treated. But when things are going in your child, do not worry, this is a problem with patience and perseverance.

Is your child having trouble sleeping?

Find out if your child has trouble sleeping? Before we need to know that the length of time depends on the sleeping baby's age or your child. A new born baby until around the age of 3 months it will take almost a whole day to sleep (> 20 hours / day). Children will need time to sleep for 8-14 hours depending on the age of the child. But of course this is different depending on the child from the

You should begin to see that baby you have problems sleeping, if your baby:
-Awakened almost every night;
The day-bed that is almost the same with you;
Sleep-hold in the afternoon;
Or have temperamen-poor, the lack of sleep on the night.

So if a baby or your child have any symptoms above ---- do not lose heart there is always a way of overcoming all.

Your Children are fat? it's problem?

As parents also feel proud when the center of attention so small in the street / mall, .... But now that many factors must be considered by parents as a consequence of obesity in children.

For children who are still small this is not an issue, but when the words of adults as ndut, kayak ball, rhinoceros, KINGKONG etc., will affect a child's self-confidence.

If you have children or KEGEMUKAN excess weight .... Do not feel alone, .... According to the latest research was increasing percentage of overweight children worldwide.

Research shows that overweight children in the current caused by a lack of activity in the lifestyle and eating habits and ways.

Obesity is a risk factor of the occurrence of heart problems, high blood pressure, blood sugar etc.. For that reason, parents should be thinking about the child's health in the future.


Does not have a quick and easy way to help your child reduce body weight. Needed for a long time to change the way of life and eating habits that may not fit with your family habits.


Some Tips to prevent or overcome Kegemukan on children:

• Lifestyle UBAHLAH OUR OWN. As parents we must become a good example in the implementation of living and eating healthy.

• TIME FOR SEDIAKAN exercise (activity). Discover the preferred activity and interesting for children and you can burn calories such as: run, swim, ride a bicycle, running (jogging). Do this on a regular basis.


• THE FOOD PILIHLAH SEHAT. Reduce food "fast food or junk food", which only contain high fat and salt. Reduce consumption of sugar. Give children 3 meals with small portions of food and 3 times smaller (snack) with a small portion, so that children do not feel hungry. Give a lot of drinking water is also white, such as orange juice juice containing fiber also vit.c, also gave a lot of eating fruits and vegetables. Choose low-fat snack.

• FAMILY UBAHLAH eating habits. Give the child to eat only when hungry and your child is not just because you want to eat something. When your child to eat and just want to eat again try to switch activities or provide something else, because you know your child is not really hungry. Never eat or ngemil for watching TV.


• give support YOU. It is very important for all the family way of life to help your child. Do not store food junk food, drink soda which is rich in sugar, high fat food (potato chips, etc.) you are at home. Prepare the food menu is low fat and healthy for the entire family. Follow the exercise.

• Give praise BILA CHILDREN OR ATTENTION we do something THAT GOOD. Rewards and praise can motivate children to stay berdiet. For example if your child in 1 sunday initiative to drink water instead of soda and white Praise your child, give gifts or toys kesenangannya activity, but DO NOT give food as gifts.


• check TO PHYSICIAN. Periksakanlah your child to the doctor / medical supervision for children diet heavy crouch also check every 2-4 weeks. Avoid weigh children at home every time because it can cause stress on your child.

As parents we must do our role to help our children, the only action but to provide a simple change to a fixed way of life, sports and eating habits in children later. All of which are very useful for your child's health in the future

your child is sick, Do not panic!

WHEN your child is sick certainly worried, because I need more attention than usual. Some research mentioned dampingan parents can help accelerate the process of healing small.

Results of research other not less interesting past, the father appeared to have an
important role in the growth of a child. Although there is no "Father Day", you need not lose heart. For the interaction between father and child mention emotional intelligence can affect children later, to make them grow to become a successful adult figure.

Interaction father and child can be done anytime, is not it? Similarly, when a small
hospital. So, no need to rush troops to request assistance from the wife or other relatives.

Now, to your father as I can manage the pain, I should know the signs of sick children.

1. The emergence of the symptoms manifest as skin rash, vomiting, or pain.

2. Loss of appetite.

3. And fractious choosey, which usually do not like.

4. When sick, children may feel weak, what to do, not like a normal, so he is happy to lie in the family room sofa. Thus, he was involved with other family members, rather than lie alone in the room.

When you have to recognize the signs of the fruit of the sick, you can treat the sick

children at home.

1. When doctors ask for a full rest, help your child to reduce the sense of quiet and

because bosannya must continue to lie. Dampingi and provide activities that can give

preoccupation apart like drawing or games.

2. Announced children decreased appetite, but this does not need you risaukan. Bujuklah him

with food favorite expression. Usually doctors will act if the loss of appetite development.

3. It should be remembered is to provide a small drink a lot, especially when he experienced fever, vomiting, or diarrhea. Although that is the best white water or fruit juice without sugar, but let him choose another drink of interest as a distraction.

4. Find a well-ventilated room with a comfortable temperature around 18 degrees Celsius. Rooms are too hot and stuffy conditions can be intensifying your child's fever

Antibiotics is danger!

Irrational use of antibiotics or overweight in children appears to be increasing more and more mengkawatirkan. The use of excessive or irrational use means the use of incorrect, inaccurate and not in accordance with the indication of illness. Actually this problem also faced by the first developed country like the United States.

According to the research of U.S. National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey in 1989, each year about 84% each year, each child get antibiotics. Other results obtained 47.9% prescriptions in children aged 0-4 years, there are antibiotics. This figure is according to the calculation of many experts is actually quite worrisome. In the same year, also found that bacteria resistance is quite high because of the excessive use of antibiotics.

In Indonesia there are no official data on using this antibiotic. So that all parties currently do not. Based on the level of education and knowledge society and the fact that found daily, apparently using antibiotics in Indonesia far more worrisome and more.

Danger of irrational use of antibiotics On Children
Actual use of antibiotics in a correct and appropriate indication should be given. Although there is the danger of side effects and high cost. But a problem that mengkawatirkan, when penggunaannnya excessive. Many of the losses occurred when the antibiotic is not excessive manageable quickly and completely.

Losses are increasing resistance of bacteria. Not to the behavior of these have the potential to increase the cost of treatment. Price antibiotic drugs are very expensive and is the largest part of the cost of treatment.

Side effects that often occur in the use of antibiotics is some interference organs. Moreover, when given to infants and children, because the body system and organ function in infants and children are still not perfect grow. Moreover, children at risk receive antibiotics most often, because more often sick due to resistance body more vulnerable. When in the year to 9 times the child is sick, then 9 times 7 days or 64 days children get antibiotics.

Disorders of body organs that can happen is dissolved channel interference, interference kidney, liver disfunction, interference marrow bone, blood interference and so forth. The other is due to allergic reactions because the drugs. Interference from the light, such as rash, itching to weight, such as swelling of lips or eyelid, crowded, to be life-threatening reactions or anafilaksis.

Excessive use of antibiotics or irrational can also kill bacteria that good and useful that we are in the body. So where are all the better by the bacteria will be filled by bacteria or by malicious or Namur called "superinfection". Giving antibiotics will cause excessive bacteria are not killed any mutation and become a resisten or germs called "superbugs".

So the type of bacteria that initially can be treated easily with antibiotics that light, when used with antibiotikanya irrational, then the bacteria mutation and become immune, so the need of a strong antibiotic. When these bacteria spread to the surrounding environment will be created when a condition where there is no longer the type of antibiotic that can kill bacteria that continuously bermutasi this. This will make a return to the days before antibiotics were found. At the time of the infection caused by bacteria that can not be treated so that the death rate will shoot up dramatically. Another thing that may happen later on the needs of next generation antibiotic with more weight, and makes the cost of treatment increased because more expensive.

Indications antibiotic use
Indications that the correct and appropriate use of antibiotics in children is when the cause is a bacterial infection. According to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) indication of when the antibiotic is cold and cough for more sustainable 10 14 hari.yang occur throughout the day (not only in the evening and morning).

Cough night and morning is usually associated with allergic or no longer in the phase of infection and do not need antibiotics when there are indications other symptoms of acute infection Sinusitis such as the heavy summer> 39 C with liquid purulen nose, pain, swelling around the eye and
face. Antibiotic treatment first choice for this case by simply giving Amoxicillin, Clavulanate or Amoxicillinm. When the 2 - 3 days afterwards treatment can continue for 7 days after the complaint or resolve usually for 10 - 14 days.

When you cough and runny nose and sustainable occur only in the evening and morning (not during the day) is usually associated with allergic or no longer in the phase of infection and do not need antibiotics when there are indications other symptoms of acute infection Sinusitis such as the heavy summer> 39 C with purulen liquids nose, pain, swelling around the eyes and face. Antibiotic treatment first choice for this case by simply giving Amoxicillin, Clavulanate or Amoxicillinm.

When the 2 - 3 days afterwards treatment can continue for 7 days after the complaint or resolve usually for 10 - 14 days. Another indication is a sore throat because of infection with bacteria streptokokus.

The disease usually attacks children in the age of 7 years or more. In children 4 years of age, only 15% of that sore throat because of this bacteria. When you cough and cold relief throughout the day (not only the night and morning) more than 10-14 days with nasal fluids mukopurulen (yellow or green). To find out whether there is a bacterial infection usually do with the culture that requires several days for observation. When the suspected urine infection, carried out sample checks in the urine and then do the examination culture in the hospital. After several days will be discovered when a bacterial infection following type and sensitivity to the type of medicine.

Other diseases that should get antibiotics is a urine infection and disease Typhoid To find out whether there is a bacterial infection usually do with the culture of blood or urine. When the suspected urine infection, carried out inspections kulut curine. After several days will be known when a bacterial infection following types and sensitivity to antibiotics. Typhoid disease to know must be done Widal blood and blood culture GAL.

Children aged under 5 years of infection with the virus have often experienced overdiagnosis Typhoid disease. Frequent errors in reading the results of the perception laboratory. Infection with the virus increased sedkit examination scores have been sentenced widal symptoms of Typhoid and dihantam with antibiotics.

Most cases of the disease infection in the children's cause is a virus. In other words, should the possibility of the use of antibiotics that is not big or may be only around 10 - 15% of people with children. The disease is a viral disease that includes "self-limiting disease or disease that cured itself within 5 - 7 days.

Most of the diarrhea disease infection, cough, runny nose and fever virus is the cause. In general, every child will have 2 to 9 times the channel napas disease because the virus. Should not too easily diagnose (overdiagnosis) Sinusitis in children. If not, there are other complications naturally runny nose, cough and nasal fluid expenditures will be settle the long until 14 days after other symptoms improve.

A study of 139 children's symptoms in people with a cold (flu) virus because it was found that giving antibiotics in the control group did not improve mucopurulent fluid from the nose. Antibiotics are not effective channel napas treat infection and not on preventing infections hospitality. Most of the infections, including on Channel napas sine paranasalis very jarana complications occur once the bacteria.

Who Responsible
Problems in the excessive use of antibiotics, the party which is responsible to fix them. This problem is not as simple as that we see. Many of the parties involved and the role in this excessive use of antibiotics. The parties involved from the people (parents people), doctors, hospitals, pharmacies, sales representative, pharmaceutical companies and drug factories.

When the excessive use of antibiotics due to factors more doctors, the parents as a recipient of services, doctors in a difficult position. But parents object as the patient has the right to obtain information accurately as he explained the plan-treatment, the purpose of treatment and side effects due to treatment if the parents need to discuss with the little methods're not for the opportunities may not be whether antibiótica.

On the other hand, parents also often a factor of the occurrence of excessive use of antibiotics. Public opinion is not correct to continue growing, if that does not use antibiotics, the disease will be long recovery Not infrequently use of antibiotics is a request from the parents. More mengkawatirkan currently some parents with no burden to buy their own antibiotics without consideration of the doctor. Antibiotic that is a limited class of drugs, medicines, which must be prescribed by a doctor. But it runyamnya antibiotic drugs are easily obtained at pharmacies or drug stores, although without a prescription.

The issue becomes more complicated because the trading business of the antibiotic. Factory drugs, pharmaceutical companies, medical and pharmacy sales Representative as the provider of drugs have many interests. Antibiotic is their main business, so many strategies and how to do. Doctors as a result of the use of these antibiotics, should be more wise and should consider more background to ilmiuannya. According oath that doctors had spoken, any consideration of treatment for the sake of all people are, keperntingan not the other. Increased knowledge and ability to regularly and continuously doctor also play an effective role in reducing the behavior of the excessive use of antibiotics this.

Department of Health (Ministry), Center for Food and Drug Control (BPOM), a doctor Association of Indonesia (IDI), Children's Doctor Association (IDAI), Hospital Association of Indonesia (PERSI) and some other related intitusi should cooperate in handling. Education about the dangers of antibiotic use and indication of the true community must continue to be done through various media that exist. Control antibiotic drug sales by pharmacies and more specific drug stores more should be done without stopping.

Medical professional organizations must continue working to evaluate and conduct more stringent monitoring of the behavior that excessive use of antibiotics against these members. If you need to periodically conducted research on the use of excessive antibitioka this. Should practice and campaign strategies antibiotic drugs that are not healthy should also be attention. Not even used for medical purposes, even if only for the sake of scientific activities. PERSI as a hospital organization, also authorized its members to provide supervision for the continued evaluation of the strict formularium drugs used.

In the United States, because of the efforts and education campaigns continuously against the doctor and it can reduce the use of antibiotics dramatically. The proportion of children aged 0 - 4 years old who get antibiotics menuirun from 47.9% 1996 to 38.1% in 2000. The average number of antibiotics are prescribed to decline, from 47.9 1.42 peresepan children per 1996 to 0.78 children per peresepan year 2000. Average spending can also stressed enough, padfa 1996 of U.S. $ 31.45 to $ 21:04 per child in 2000.

Recommendations and campaign outreach to parents and doctors that have been done by the cooperation of CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) provides the correct understanding about the use of antibiotics. Runny nose, fever and cough are the symptoms of the infection that caused Respiration on the virus. Changes in the color of sputum and nasal mucus changed into the thick yellow, slimy and greenery is a journey of clinical infection on Channel Napas because viruses, not merupaklan indication of antibiotics. Giving antibiotics will not curtail travel and prevent the disease bacterial infection Hospitality

This should be a good example of intitusi the authorities in Indonesia in overcoming the problems of this antibiotic. See the complexity of the problem of antibiotic that irasinol in Indonesia seems to be very difficult. But we must be confident with willpower, the intention is sincere, and the involvement of all parties, the problems will be. Do not happen, we all new tersadar the problem is in a very serious situation.

head circumference children

Growth with the problems associated with changes in the physical size of a person. While the development of the (development) associated with the maturation and adding the ability (skill) the function of organs or individuals. Both these processes occur in sync on each individual.

The process of growing a flower is the result of the interaction of various factors which are interrelated, namely; genetic factors / ancestry, environment-fisiko bio-psycho-social and behavior.

This process is individual and unique, so the end result of the different characteristics and each anak.Penilaian in the growth of a child can be assessed through growth and high body weight and to children aged 2 years and can still be used through the assessment of head circumference, which usually compared with age child. Some way through the assessment of clinical or physical examination, inspection antropometri (compare the body to age, body weight against age, the age of the circle head, arm circumference of the top age), for example, KMS (card toward healthy), which compares the weight of age, inspection radiologis, laboratory, and diet analysis.

Some of the factors that mempegaruhi growth of children:

v heredo constitutional factor; depending on race, Genetic, sex and congenital aberration

v hormonal factor; insulin, tiroid, and sex steroid hormones.

v factor environment during and after birth; nutrition, trauma, socio - economic, climate, physical activity, disease, etc..

Estimated body weight that can be easily done in kilograms is the weight of the baby born just months will be back in the day to 10.Berat body to be 2 times the weight born during the age of 5 months, to 3 times the weight born during the age of one year, and into 4 time when the birth weight of the age of 2 years. At the time Preschools increase the weight of an average 2 kg / year.

Estimated body can also be done in centimeters the age of 1 year and 1.5 times higher bodies of birth, age 4 years and 2 times higher body born, 6 years and 1.5 times higher body 1 year.

We can also mePrediksikan high-end children according Genetic potential, based on the parent body with the assumption that all appropriate optimal growth potential. The formula used;

TB girls = (TB father - 13 cm) + TB capital

_________________________ ± 8.5 cm

2

TB boys = (TB mother 13 cm) + father TB

__________________________ ± 8.5 cm

2

Clinical manifestation of allergic RELATING TO THE CHILDREN

Clinical manifestation of allergic RELATING TO THE CHILDREN

Often cough, cough duration (> 2 weeks), cold, (especially NIGHT AND DAY MORNING day lost) Sinusitis, sneezing, nosebleed. tonsilitis (tonsillectomy), crowded, raucous voice.

Gland enlargement in the neck and head back down.

Kebiruan often bruising on the feet / hands such as the former hit.

Skin boils arise, redness, white and black, such as former bitten mosquitoes. Often rub the eyes, nose or ears. Ear excessive dirt.

Muscle and bone pain recurring night. Frequent urination, bed wetting (Ngompol)

Frequent vomiting, stomach pain, SULIT questions with less weight (usually after the age of 4-6 months).

Often take, often tongue white / dirty painful gum / teeth, halitosis, excessive saliva, dry mouth.

Discard the water often large (> 2 times / day), difficult to defecate (obstipasi), a small faeces round as a black goat dung, hard, often dispose of the wind, mired in the pants.

Sleeping late / often awakened.

Head, the feet / hands often teraba hangat.Sering sweat (OG)

Itchy eyes, nodule arising in the eyelid, eye blinking frequently, wear glasses since very young age (6-12 years of age).

Hormonal disturbances: grow hair berlebihadi feet / hands, leucorrhoea.

Frequent headaches, migraine.
The clinical manifestation is often associated with the allergy sufferer in the baby.

INTERFERENCE digested PIPELINE: Frequent vomiting / gumoh, puffed, "hiccup", often dispose of the wind, often "ngeden / mulet", often tendentious / restlessness / COLIK especially at night), often defecate (> 3 times per day), not CHAPTER each day, dysentery. Hernia Umbilikalis (navel prominent), Scrotalis, inguinalis (as in benjolan, local fruit penis or navel or "hernia") ngeden so often because the pressure in the stomach increases.

Sensitive skin, often arising boils or reddish spots, particularly in the cheek, ear and closed the diaper area. Now in the former black-rambut.Timbul regions such as mosquito bitten. Eyes, ears and hair about regions often itchy, accompanied by enlargement of the gland in the background. Sewage sometimes excessive ear a little smelly.

White tongue often arise (such as mushrooms). Lips appear dry lips or the middle of darker color (blue).

Napas grok-grok, sometimes accompanied by a cough, particularly at night and day by day lost. Infants such as this are often at risk when you cough or coughing often long (> 7hari) and excessive sputum)

New-born babies packed with glands swell thimus (TRDN / TTNB). Babies like this, according to research at risk of asthma before the age of Preschools.

Frequent sneezing, runny nose, nasal many dirt, the head often canted to one side (so that the risk of head "peyang") because of clogged nose, or drink only one dominant side of the breast. Because clogged nose and mouth breathing with the time to drink breastmilk often choke

Or watery eyes often haunting eyes of the dirt (belekan) one side / second side.

Most of sweat (OG)

Because excessive drinking is often ask for a drink or result in more weight and obesity (age <1 Years)