When a baby is said to lower birth weight babies (BBLR)?
Figures BBLR incident in Indonesia ranges from 9-30% varies between one area with other regions.
Until BBLR this is still a problem in the world because it is a cause of illness and death in the newborn baby.
Figures BBLR incident in Indonesia ranges from 9-30% varies between one area with other regions. Until BBLR this is still a problem in the world because it is a cause of illness and death in the newborn baby.
Some 25% of infants born with the new BBLR died and 50% died while infants.
Why? BBLR vulnerable to lack of nutrition, infection, and delay the development of nerves.
There are 2 types BBLR
1. Premature baby that is born from the earlier time (pregnancy <37 weeks)
2. Baby during pregnancy small (KMK), namely that the baby was born just months but have less weight
What causes BBLR?
In accordance with the type, the type BBLR KMK caused by:
pregnant mother who lack nutrition
Mother has hypertension, preeklamsi, or anemia
Twin Pregnancy, pregnancy through time
Malaria chronicles, chronicles of disease
mother pregnant smoking
While BBLR type is caused by premature
maternal body weight low, pregnant women who are still teenagers, twin pregnancy
Once premature birth to a baby before,
Cervical imcompetence (mouth of the womb to the weak can not afford to hold weight baby in the womb)
bleeding before or during labor (antepartum hemorrhage)
pregnant mother who is sick
Most of the causes are unknown.
When BBLR need to be treated in the hospital?
body weight less than 1800 grams
age pregnancy is less than 34 sunday
hard drinking
pain
Baby premature problems
There was a risk that can be
1. Short
* Hipotermia. Hipotermia (baby's temperature <36.5 ° C) will cause the baby to lose energy, pernapasannya disturbed, the baby became ill and died. Hipertermia (baby's temperature> 37.5 ° C) can improve metabolism, and cause dehydration.
* Hipoglikemia (blood sugar less than normal)
* Lung undeveloped (shortness of breath into the baby)
* Indigestion (kembung easy because the intestine has not been good enough)
* Easy to infection (immunity system immature babies)
* Anemia (baby appears pale because of low blood hemoglobin content)
* Easy to yellow
* Brain haemorrhage
* Disturbance heart
2. Long-term
* Disturbance of growth
* Disturbance growth
* Disturbances of vision (due to premature retinopati)
* Disturbance hearing
* The disease tuberculosis chronicles
The young age of the pregnancy the greater the risk of short-term and long-term occurs.
Premature baby care in the home
1. Utamakan the ASI
ASI has advantages, namely high protein content, laktalbumin, immune substances, lipase, and essential fatty acid, laktosa, and oligosakarida. ASI has intestinal growth factor, oligosakarida to stimulate intestinal motilitas, and protection against disease. Psikologik in terms of improving ties between breastfeeding mothers and children.
Formula for standard BBLR like ASI but lack of antibody and growth factors. Formula premature fetus have any calories, protein, and minerals is higher than the formula for the baby just months.
Vulnerable small babies also lack of nutrition, function organnya not yet mature, the needs of large nutrisinya, easy and pain to the right nutrition is essential for optimal growing flowers.
2. Avoid a low body temperature (hipotermia) using:
* Method kangaroos. The appropriate method in treating BBLR, ie, with the kangaroo mother care method or kangaroos. Kangaroo care method is a new born baby as a baby kangaroo in his mother's pouch. How: Babies are placed in the embrace with the mother skin touches skin, the baby upright position, head canted to the left or right. The advantages of this method: baby get natural sources of heat (36-37o C) continue to direct the mother's skin, get a warm air in the bag / clothes mother, and breastfeeding becomes smooth. Embrace you for the energy is small. Baby weight at birth is very low (less than 1000 g) methods of kangaroos are delayed until the age of 2 weeks, or until the baby is stable situation. Criteria small babies that can use this method:
o Baby healthy
o birth weight between 1500-2500 g,
o stable body temperature (36.5 - 37.5 o C),
o Baby can suckle,
o Graphic body weight tends to increase.
* Baby cloth wrapped his head and given a warm hat.
* Baby small baby or sick are put in the room warm (not less than 25o C).
* Make sure your hands warm while always holding the baby.
* When the diaper or a wet cloth, it should always be replaced.
3. Avoid contact of the person / environment that is high risk
4. Wash hands before handling baby
5. Wear masks when sick body condition before holding the baby
6. Make pemijatan baby regularly (ask your doctor about how)
7. Contact your doctor or take it to the hospital when there is less good sign, for example: baby drinking lazy, quick breath, body heat, increased yellow, and when there is a strain
How Monitoring BBLR?
The smaller you are looking now is go home, but he remembers quite BBLR, there are some important notes regarding the flowers grow your heart.
What should you do?
• Monitor baby's growth (weight, body length, head circumference) on a regular basis.
- Baby will usually lose 1-2% body weight per day, for 7-10 days
- Cumulative loss of body weight ranging 10%
- Weight will return to its original 10-14 days, except when there are complications.
- The decrease in body weight
➢ cold
➢ anemia
➢ lack of nutrition
• Monitor development of the baby.
• special examination: the eyes, USG head, ears, and the blood when there is anemia.
Reference
Amir I, Rundjan L. Like Tata and Environment Nutrition Baby small. In: Tridjaja B, Trihono PP, Ifran EB. Pediatrics Update 2005. Continuing Medical Education IDAI Jaya in 2005.
Widness JA. Neo Rev 2000; 1:261-267.
Neonat Pharmacopoeia. 2003, 79-80
Rauch GF. Arch. Dis Child Fetal neonatal, 2002; 86: F82-85
